The vertical metal insulator semiconductor tunnel transistor: A proposed Fowler-Nordheim tunneling device

We propose a new field-effect transistor, the vertical metal insulator semiconductor tunnel transistor (VMISTT) which operates using gate modulation of the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling current through a metal insulator semiconductor (M-I-S) diode. The VMISTT has significant advantages over the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor in device scaling. In order to allow room-temperature operation of the VMISTT, the tunnel oxide has to be optimized for the metal-to-insulator barrier height and the current-voltage characteristics. We have grown TiO2 layers as the tunnel insulator by oxidizing 7 and 10 nm thick Ti metal films vacuum-evaporated on silicon substrates, and characterized the films by current-voltage and capacitance-voltage techniques. The quality of the oxide films showed variations, depending on the oxidation temperatures in the range of 450-550 degrees C. Fowler-Nordheim tunneling was observed at low temperatures at bias voltage of 2 V and above and a barrier height of approximately 0.4 eV was calculated. Leakage currents present were due Schottky-barrier emission at room-temperature, and hopping at liquid nitrogen temperature

El Paraíso de Fura y Tena: estudios sobre la plata en Iberoamérica. De los orígenes al siglo XIX

775 p.La obra, por tanto, recoge trabajos variados relacionados con las piedras y metales preciosos, que se han abordado desde diferentes ópticas para mantener la interdisciplinariedad que nos ha caracterizado en todos estos años de investigaciones, desde que comenzamos la publicación de estas obras en el año 2008. Por tanto, se ha pretendido siempre que la colaboración de los investigadores no se vea limitada a un solo campo del saber, sino que exista una complementariedad que permita un acercamiento más acabado al objetivo fundamental: el del estudio de los metales preciosos en toda la extensión de posibilidades, desde la minería al arte, a la literatura, al derecho y a cualquier saber que pueda aportar algo en esta temátic

Juan Andrés y la Escuela Universalista Española

Catálogo de la exposición organizada por la Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla desde el 18 de enero hasta el 16 de junio de 2017, en homenaje al bicentenario de la muerte de Juan Andrés (1740-1817), autor de la primera Historia universal y comparada de las Letras y las Ciencias: "Origen y progresos y estado actual de toda la literatura"

Dialogos de medallas inscriciones y otras antiguedades

Sign.: [calderón]4, 2[calderón]2, A-Z4, 2A-2Z4, 3A-3M4, 3N3Port. con orla tip. y esc. arzob. xilApost. margLas h. de grab. calc. : Retrato del arzobispo de Tarragona, en v. de [calderón]7 y copias calc. de monedas en las 27 últimas h

Impossibilia en la Universidad de Granada

Aviso: Impossibilia pasará a ser editada por la Universidad de Granada.Aviso: Impossibilia pasará a ser editada por la Universidad de Granada

An assembly oriented design framework for product structure engineering and assembly sequence planning

The paper describes a novel framework for an assembly-oriented design (AOD) approach as a new functional product lifecycle management (PLM) strategy, by considering product design and assembly sequence planning phases concurrently. Integration issues of product life cycle into the product development process have received much attention over the last two decades, especially at the detailed design stage. The main objective of the research is to define assembly sequence into preliminary design stages by introducing and applying assembly process knowledge in order to provide an assembly context knowledge to support life-oriented product development process, particularly for product structuring. The proposed framework highlights a novel algorithm based on a mathematical model integrating boundary conditions related to DFA rules, engineering decisions for assembly sequence and the product structure definition. This framework has been implemented in a new system called PEGASUS considered as an AOD module for a PLM system. A case study of applying the framework to a catalytic-converter and diesel particulate filter sub-system, belonging to an exhaust system from an industrial automotive supplier, is introduced to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed AOD methodology